Case study: Bone Repair of Extensive Periapical Lesion after Endodontic Treatment with BioRoot RCS by Dr. Marcelo Augusto Seron and Dr. Fausto Rodrigo Victorino

The goal of endodontic treatment is to seal the root canal system in order to avoid its reinfection and prevent the growth of microorganisms that can survive even after the mechanical chemical preparation. Obturation is an important step, but the anatomical complexity of the root canals can make filling difficult and thus compromise the success of the treatment. This is confirmed by the high incidence of failure in cases with poor fillings (Chugal 2003, Haapasalo 2005). Thus, the importance of using a quality filling material is evident.

Cements based on calcium silicate have been highlighted for their antimicrobial activity, biocompatibility, and bioactivity (Zhang 2015). They are composed of calcium silicate, zirconium oxide, calcium phosphate, calcium hydroxide, and thickening agents (Al Haddad 2016). Due to their antimicrobial activity, flowability, and hermetic sealing qualities, they can be used with the single cone technique (Zhou 2013).

These properties have improved the efficacy of root canal obturation and may allow improved sealing even in complex root canal anatomy, providing a success rate greater than 90% in cases with periapical lesion (Chybowski et al. 2018).In cases of infected necrotic pulp associated with apical periodontitis, an intraradicular infection is well-established, and, therefore, procedures must focus on eliminating as well as preventing the introduction of new microorganisms into the root canal system. The success rate of endodontic treatment will depend on the clinician’s effectiveness in achieving these goals (Siqueira 2008).

Thus, the aim of the present study was to present a case of significant bone repair after endodontic treatment of a maxillary lateral incisor with asymptomatic apical periodontitis using BioRoot RCS cement and the single cone technique.